What’s The Best Way to Back Up My Data for theLong Haul?

Dear Lifehacker,
I have some files that are very important to me, and I want to make sure they stay safe and secure forever. I don't mean months or years, I mean decades—I want to make sure they're in one piece to show my kids, my grandkids, their children, and future generations. Do you have any suggestions for how I can back up my data so its safe for the long term?

Sincerely,
Saving for Posterity

Dear Saving for Posterity,
This is a great question, and a bit of a tricky problem to solve. After all, forever is a really long time, and nothing will literally last forever, but there are some ways you can make sure your cherished memories are available to future generations. There are a few important things to consider when you're talking about future-proofing data and keeping it safely backed up for years and years. Let's get started.

Use Multiple (Reputable) Backup Services, Formats, and Platforms

Virtually every type of backup method commonly in use today—even tape backups often used by large companies—are subject to media decay and the inevitable progress of technology. Your best defense is to make sure you back up your data in different methods and different formats.

Your Most Practical Option: Use a Cloud Backup Service
We're big fans of backup service CrashPlan for our backup needs, and CrashPlan can back up your data to external media, to a cloud-hosted service, and even over the internet to another computer using CrashPlan, like a friend or family member.

Backing up to a service like CrashPlan is a great starting point, since CrashPlan holds onto all your files, even if you delete them—which is about as close to forever as you might expect.

If you're seriously concerned with the long-term viability of your data, we'd suggest spreading your data across a combination of these things:

• An external USB hard-drive will keep your data safe on a portable hard drive that you can toss into a fireproof safe or into your go-bag or emergency kit if you have to leave with it, and can be connected to your computer for regular incremental backups easily if you make any changes to your precious memories.
• A cloud-based, hosted backup service like CrashPlan, Dropbox or even Amazon S3 are necessary if you're concerned about the long-term viability of your data. Select a company—or multiple companies—you're comfortable with and that you think are reputable enough that they'll be around for a long time. They may cost you more than a no-name backup service, but at least they won't close their doors in a hurry one day and take all of your data with them.
• A direct-to-friend backup or shared hard drives will make sure there are multiple copies of your data in the hands of trusted friends or family. After all, keeping backup copies in your home, and in the cloud are great, but if something happens to you, at least the people you trust will also have copies of your memories to pass along to the people you wanted to have them. Consider CrashPlan's ability to back up to other computers over the internet, or just mail hard drives to your friends and family to make sure they get copies and keep them safe.
• A small, USB flash drive ups the portability factor, although it diminishes the longevity, due to the limited write/re-write cycles you'll get with most portable NAND flash media. Still, if you want a portable copy that goes anywhere on a drive you won't be using for anything, it's another redundant option.

Again, keeping your data in as many places and as many formats is going to be the key here. It'll definitely cost you some coin, but you don't want to trust your data to just USB devices, or just internet-accessible services, or just traditional hard drives or just SSDs—you need a healthy mix of all of your available otpions.

Keep the Originals Safe and Distribute Duplicates

Finally, make sure you keep the originals, and any copies you've made and don't need access to safe somewhere. You could put them in a safe deposit box with your bank or credit union if you choose, or you can keep them in your own personal safe (although if something happens to your home, they may be lost.) Again, this isn't a replacement for distributed duplicates, just another tool in your toolkit. Photo by JvL.

Speaking of distributed duplicates, it's important to, even if you don't use some service to send your data to friends or family, that you make sure you get duplicates of your data out to people you can trust. Granted, even your closest family and friends may not want to be conscripted into updating your backups every couple of years, moving from USB to whatever technology will come next, and then the one after that, but the important thing is that you will, and they have copies of your data for the long term. Eventually, someone you've passed the data down to will either keep it up to date the way you did, or decide they want to access it, which will force them to update it to the current technology of the day.

Cross Your Fingers

Of course, this approach will be best if you can get someone to take on the maintenance and upkeep responsibilities for you when you won't be able to anymore, and since you mentioned handing the data down to your children and their children for posterity, that would make sense. After all, you won't just be giving them memories, you'll be giving them the responsibility for those memories—and if they cherish them as much as you clearly do, we don't think they'll have any objections making sure they're safe for future generations.

Full size

Consider Future Technologies

Remember that nothing is future proof. Asking for your backed up data to be good and usable forever is a tall order, and the best gear we have today will be obsolete in a few years, meaning you'll have to update, change platforms, move your data around, and more several times before your children or their children even see it, much less take on the job themselves. On top of that, you have to worry about the actual deterioration of whatever media you use to back up your data in the first place. Whether it's a CD, or a USB flash drive, or a traditional spinning hard drive—they all have shelf lives that you'll have to consider replacing and upgrading after even a few years. Photo by Tim Wilson.

Both of these factors can contribute to the obsolescence of your backup method in a short period, so your best bet is to diversify as much as possible and up the chance that one of the current mediums you use will make it easy for you to transfer the data to a new one later. In essence, you're not just "backing up" your data once and locking it away. You should expect this to be an iterative process over time.

Sincerely,
Lifehacker

P.S. Do you have any other tips for Posterity? Any more long-term data storage and backup solutions or tips we may have missed? Let's hear them in the comments below.

Have a question or suggestion for Ask Lifehacker? Send it to tips+asklh@lifehacker.com.